The House of Hz. Osman b. Affan

Hz. Osman b. Affân (d. 35/656) was a prominent companion of the Prophet Muhammad and the third caliph of Islam, belonging to the Umayyad clan of the Quraysh tribe and among the first to embrace Islam. Osman, who was married to the Prophet's daughter Rukayye, earned the title 'Zü'n-Nûreyn' after marrying the Prophet's other daughter, Ümmü Külsûm, following Rukayye's death. During his caliphate (23-35 AH / 644-656 CE), the borders of the Islamic state expanded significantly; North Africa, Iran, and Khorasan were conquered. His most important achievement was the preparation of a standardized single copy of the Quran (mushaf-ı Osmânî). He was the first caliph to facilitate the expansion of the Prophet's Mosque during his lifetime after the Prophet. In 35 AH (656 CE), rebels from various provinces came to Medina and besieged Hz. Osman's house. During the nearly two-month siege, Hz. Osman persistently avoided bloodshed and did not allow violence. Before the siege ended, the rebels broke into the house while Hz. Osman was reading the Quran and he was martyred. Hz. Osman's house has become one of the most significant places in Islamic history due to this martyrdom event. [Source: "Osman", TDV Islamic Encyclopedia, https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/osman]