Hayber Martyrdom

The Hayber Expedition (7 AH/628 AD) was a major military operation commanded personally by the Prophet Muhammad, during which the Jewish fortresses in Hayber were conquered. Located approximately 170 km north of Medina, Hayber was the strongest Jewish settlement of that time. The expedition lasted several months, and many of Hayber's fortresses were conquered in succession: Na'îm, Kāmûs (the fortress of Banu Abi'l-Huqayq), Sab b. Muâz, and others. The Muslims suffered losses in these fierce battles. According to Ibn Ishaq's list, those who fell as martyrs in Hayber are as follows: - From the Umayyad agreements: Rabî'a b. Eksem, Sakaf b. Amr, Rifâ'a b. Mesrûh - From the sons of Asad b. Abdüluzzâ: Abdullah b. Hübeyb - From the Ansar: Fudayl b. Nu'mân es-Selemî, Mes'ûd b. Sa'd ez-Züreky And others... As a result of the Hayber Expedition, a tremendous amount of booty was obtained. The lands of Hayber were distributed among the Muslims; the Jews were granted the right to share in the harvest. This arrangement is considered the first major example of sharecropping (müzâraa) agreements in Islamic law. [Source: TDV Islamic Encyclopedia, "Hayber Expedition" article, islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/hayber-gazvesi; Ibn Hişâm, es-Sîre, IV, 26-34; Vâkıdî, el-Megâzî, II, 659-661]